ILLIOTIBIAL BAND (ITB) FRICTION

 

 The Injury

  • The iliotibial band is a sheath of muscle that runs vertically along the outer portion of the leg starting at the hip/gluteus and ending just beneath the knee.
  • Overuse can result in pain emanating from the outer portion of the knee or lower thigh.  Most often the athlete reacts by thinking of it as a knee injury because of the pain location, rather than an inflammation of the muscle band.

 Causes
  • Predisposing factors for the development of IT band inflammation include training error and abnormal biomechanics. Some runners make the mistake of only running on one side of the road. Most roads are higher in the center and slope off on either side. The foot that is on the outside part of the road is therefore lower than the other. This causes the pelvis to tilt to one side and stresses the IT band.
  • The biomechanical abnormalities that may lead to IT band problems are, excessive pronation of the foot, leg length discrepancy, lateral pelvic tilt, and "bowed" legs. Tight gluteal or quadriceps muscles may also contribute.
 Treatment
  • Video tape analysis is a great tool for uncovering biomechanical problems.
  • Also, overtraining can be a factor.
  • Curative measures incorporate any or all of the following measures.  1) Rest - Perhaps the most difficult prescription of all for athletes 2) Massage - Like any muscle, activity tends to tighten it.  The IT Band is no different.  A deep tissue sports massage can relax the band. 3) Medicine - In extreme cases a physician may prescribe anti-inflammatory medication to reduce but not cure the malady.  Ibuprofen can help to a lesser degree.   4) Stretching - Both curative and preventative in nature, elongating the sheath with stretching movements is the best approach in the long term.  5)  Bio-Mechanical Correction - Seek the advice of a qualified sports medicine clinic to perform a gait analysis.  This may determine whether orthotics or running form adjustment is needed to help eliminate future recurrence.

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